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Wahrheitsbedingte Semantik
Dies ist eine Übersetzungsaufgabe, die meine produktive Sprachfähigkeit verbessern soll. Ich verdanke Ihnen im Voraus jegliche Korrektur, die die Lesbarkeit oder Präzision meiner Übersetzung verbessert.
Der englischsprachige Ursprungstext stammt aus dem Artikel „Truth-conditional semantics“ vom englischsprachigen Wikipedia (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0).
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Die wahrheitsbedingte Semantik ist ein Ansatz zur Semantik natürlicher Sprache. Demnach ist Bedeutung (oder zumindest die Bedeutung von Behauptungen) mit ihren Wahrheitsbedingungen gleichzusetzen oder auf diese reduzierbar. Dieser Ansatz zur Semantik ist am meisten mit Donald Davidson assoziiert und versucht, mit der Semantik natürlicher Sprache in einer ähnlichen Weise umzugehen, als was die semantische Wahrheitstheorie von Tarski bezüglich der Semantik der Logik geschafft hat.
Wahrheitsbedingte Theorien der Semantik versuchen, die Bedeutung einer Aussage durch deren Wahrheitsvoraussetzungen zu definieren. Daher bedeutet zum Beispiel „snow is white“ Schnee ist weiß, weil die Wahrheit der Aussage „snow is white“ voraussetzt, dass Schnee weiß ist.
Oct. 23, 2024
タイ料理
今夜、友達がタイ料理のレストランにご馳走します。彼が最近昇進しましたそうで、ご馳走は軽いお祝いです。「Greyhound Cafe」という店に食事します。メニューを少しチェックしてみますが、ドリンクのメニュがすごいです。タイコーヒーグラニタがうまそうで、注文しようかな。でも夜にコーヒーを飲んじゃったら眠れなくなるかも。お酒もうまそうですが、飯の後はまだ運転しますので注文しちゃだめですね。
ドリンクメニューはこちらです：https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Nw0ZZii9BlKPtG5i2uCtvaqymBoqBNDa/view?usp=sharing
とにかく、店の飲食がうまかったら報告します！
では、良い一日を！
Oct. 23, 2024
Oct. 23, 2024
『福島サイボーグ日記』～ポストヒューマンの告白
コバルトのミルクシェイクとウランを贅沢に塗した棒を飲み干しながら、
なぜもっと原発事故が起こらなかったのか不思議に思った。
その情報はサイバー警察に黙らされたのだろうか?
声制御スイッチを調整しながら。
「僕はマルチアクティブなミュータントだ」と、隣のサイボーグは、声を調整しながらあっけらかんと答えた。
それから、重水素のスパイクが彼の眼球インプラントにさらに追加されると、
この奇妙な存在が変異した声で言った、「GNRの収束が達成された」。
すべてのマイクロ回路はプログラム可能だが、多くのエンジニアは嫌な奴だ。
「取引を受け入れた時点で、1000マクロクレジットが配達されます」と、
とドローンは感情を込めずに素早く言った。
「いいよ」と私は答えながら、他の調整が必要なのか考えた。
その時、突然情熱の奇妙な同位体が私を襲い、記憶チップがカオスへと変異していった。
要約：ほとんどの知性がデジタル化されたポストヒューマンの世界についての瞑想
キーワード: SF詩、ロボット会話、サイボーグ、混沌とした祝祭
Oct. 23, 2024
My second text in English
I live in Russia. In big city named Saint Petersburg. It's a beautiful place and I really like it. It has many rivers in the downtown and many bridges. The weather here is not as good as I wish, too rainy. It's something like London I suppose. But I never was in London. We have the highest skyscraper in Europe. It's named Lakhta Center. We also have many historical buildings. Soviets' buildings. Come in Saint Petersburg. We'll like it.
Oct. 23, 2024
I tried to quit Rarejob English online lessons, but...
The Fukuoka Marathon is just around the corner, which will be held on November 10.
I want to focus on marathon training, including taking rest and getting enogh sleep.
As a result, I've only taken two Rarejob English online lessons this month, even though I used to take more than 25 lessons a month.
I made it a point to participate in lessons using the "Daily News Article" for the day. Each lesson lasted 25 minutes.
I had to prepare by reading the material aloud, checking unknown words in a dictionary, summarizing what it was about, answering the four questions provided by Rarejob staff, and thinking about what I would ask the tutor that day.
It usually took me about 30 minutes to prepar (at least, I needed 5 to 10 minutes to let ChatGPT translate the article to grasp the overall meaning).
So, I needed to set aside an hour out of 24 hours for Rarejob lessons.
I thought it would be better to sleep for an extra hour instead of participating in those lessons, even though the day was a rest day without excercise.
So, I tried to quit.
However, they persuaded me to switch from the daily plan to the four-times-a-month plan, which they offered at a more reasonable price.
As a result, I didn’t leave Rarejob completely, but I chose that cheaper plan.
By the way, last night's Daily News Article title was "How a robotic dog that fire blasts weeds could help curb pesticide use in agriculture."
It took me more than 15 minutes to understand the syntax of that title.
It's easy to understand that the main clause is "how a robotic dog could help curb pesticide use in agriculture."
However, the subordinate clause, "that fire blasts weeds," confused me a lot.
I didn’t know whether "fire" was a verb or the subject of the verb "blast."
I finally realized that "that" refers to "a robotic dog," and "fire" is the verb, which takes the dictionary form instead of "fires" (third-person singular with "s") because of the existence of "could."
"Blasts" is the direct object of the verb "fire," and "weeds" is the indirect object of "fire."
Probably, as a native English speaker, you wouldn’t even think about such things, but for me, as a non-native English speaker, it really mattered.
Lol
Oct. 22, 2024
Mon sujet favori
Dans l'école, mon sujet préféré est l'éducation physique. C'est parce que dans ce sujet, nous souvent faisons les sports. Nous jouons le basket, le foot, le foot amèricain, le volley, etc, c'est très bon pour la santé. Mais, l'éducation physique n'est pas mon seulement sujet préféré. Aussi, j'adore l'histoire, parce que c'est très intéressante, et l'anglais, parce que j'aime écrire et écouter les livres. Je n'aime pas l'art, parce que je ne suis pas très creatif, et je déteste la musique, pour le même chose.
Parfois, je déteste l'école, aussi, parfois, j'adore l'école. C'est un place pour apprendre les sujets, augmenté ta connaissance, et fabriqué les amis. J'ai l'école demain, je suis tout excité!
Oct. 22, 2024
Hello!
Hello My name is Arisa.
I am from Japan and I live in Tokyo. My hobbies are to read, play games, travel.
I am start again my English study so I can go to working holiday visa in England.
I want to live in London and I want to work there one day.
Please become my friend and I can help you with Japanese!! Please help me with my English!
What else should I put in introduction? help me please! :D
Oct. 22, 2024
Oct. 22, 2024
Hi there! It's my first text in English.
My name is Artemiy. I study English for 3 years. I used many different apps for learning English. A Duolingo app was the most easier to me. Next step was watching Youtube movies on English language. Also I brought a book, the book was named "Dandelion wine". That book was too hard to understanding, so I take it off for good times.
Oct. 22, 2024
A strange day
Yesterday, I had a strange day, because in home there was a problem.
As I have a boy with autism, my dad and my mom help me with the care of him. However, some ocations my brother became angry with this help for my parents to me.
I hope can go to my house the next year, although this decition come some economic problems or logystics problems.
I have faith in God that everything in my life will improve, so I need to practice the skills of being patiente more.
At the end, the day has gone and the calm return to home althought in my mind still there are thoughs about the problem.
Thanks for read my post.
Oct. 22, 2024
Arabic language
If I were asked to choose a main language which I refuse to learn is Arabic. It is said that this language has 28 alphabets, but with 336 different pronunciations, which is a quite challenge for me. Interestingly, most people don't suggest females from other countries learn this language, because it would be some extent embarrassment for foreign women living in Muslim countries.
Oct. 22, 2024
Oct. 22, 2024
T2-passerez deux semaines de vacances chez moi.
Coucou Alex et Anna,
Je suis ravi(e) d’apprendre que vous passerez deux semaines de vacances chez moi. Voici quelques suggestions d’endroits à visiter pendant votre séjour.
Tout d’abord, si vous aimez l’histoire, vous devriez absolument visiter le Musée des Vestiges de Guerre à Hô Chi Minh-Ville. Ce lieu vous permettra d’en apprendre davantage sur l’histoire fascinante du Vietnam.
En ce qui concerne les spécialités locales, je vous recommande vivement de déguster des plats délicieux au Petit Bistro. Si vous préférez une expérience gastronomique, le restaurant Le Muc est parfait pour un dîner raffiné.
Pour vous détendre, pourquoi ne pas faire une excursion à Dalat ? Cet endroit est idéal pour s’immerger dans la nature et retrouver un véritable apaisement. Vous pourrez oublier le stress quotidien en profitant des paysages magnifiques et en faisant du camping.
Dites-moi ce qui vous intéresse le plus, et nous pourrons organiser tout cela ensemble ! J’ai hâte de vous revoir.
À très bientôt,
X
Oct. 22, 2024
Oct. 22, 2024
Nous rend humaine
Qu'est-ce que nous rend humaine? C'est une question aussi philisophique que biologique. À mon avis ce sont surtout nos sentiments et nos desirs. Je ne suis pas une experte mais je crois que les gens ont la tendance de confondre les deux ou plutôt les voient comme une seule chose. Je ne me sens pas capable de les décrire donc je contuinera avec autres choses. Personellement je trouve que notre aptitude d'apprécier la vie et qu'on est conscient de notre part à l'universe nous rend humaine. Chaque humaine qui a jamais vécu était unique il y avait surement assez de similarités entres certaines individus mais une personne un à un.
Oct. 22, 2024
The Twelfth Step to Improving my Academic Writing
How can I manage my time effectively?
One of the most important skills for being successful student is time management. Watching on the task as a project is a strong ability, but do not forget to manage it. Lots of strategies are existed and it is easy to find necessary information on the Internet. What students should look at if they are not good enough dealing with the time management? What kind of difficulties could they face? Sometimes I think that do not have time for achieving results in my academic writing. Some reasons could be a cause of it. When I try to achieve too many targets I do not focus on the quality, only on the quantity. I should be more realistic and choose the most important task with the closest deadline. Time-to time I cannot recon what part of task I have to concentrate, especially if I do not know a subject well. In other words understanding that you do not attain anything could be a really frustrating. I want to know what is happen when people do not meet deadlines. Looking at subject in a short-term basis could be a big mistake. Students should focus not only for the days, but for the week, month or even years. During this period of time I straggle with problem. I am spending major part of time for reading and for this reason I have time to write my texts in the evenings. This is not productive time for me. The time management system suggests that only forty percent of time should be available for reading and sixty percent for writing accordingly. So, I think it is time to change something in my life. Time management systems provide some tips that make life easier and the goal is achievable. Firstly, just focus on measurable outcomes rather that just at activities. Secondly, decide when and where you are most effective. Besides change the activity when start to feel uncomfortable with it. Moreover be flexible, your plan is just a plan and it works only like a guide. Never forget to refresh, you brain needs rest.
Oct. 22, 2024
Oct. 22, 2024
Aufzeichnungen
Heute war ein besonderer Tag.Ich nehme an einer wichtigen Konferenz teil,die Konferenz berät über die künftigen Finanzen unserer Stadt.Das ist sehr interessant, denn wir beraten über inwiefern wir den Haushaltsplan besser verwalten können, auf unterschiedliche Weise. Nach der Konferenz diskutierten meine Kollegen und ich darüber,wie diese Gedanken umgesetzt werden können.
Oct. 22, 2024
Martedì 22 ottobre
Mi sono svegliata un po' più tardi del solito. Volevo continuare a dormire quando è suonata la sveglia.
Ho fatto una breve passeggiata e poi sono ritornata a casa per godermi un cornetto al burro delizioso. L'ho comprato per fare uno spuntino.
Mi sento meglio riguardo al lavoro. È cambiato molto in questo posto da quando sono stata assunta molti anni fa.
Ovviamente nessun posto rimane per sempre come era all'inizio, però non mi lamenterei più così troppo se avessi una retribuzione migliore. Ci ho riflettuto a lungo lo scorso weekend e ho iniziato a credere che le cose vadano meglio se faccio gli affari miei.
Fra poco pranzo e poi lavo i piatti. C'è qualcosa di rilassante nel lavarli, anche se sono grata di avere una lavastoviglie.
Oct. 22, 2024
Oct. 22, 2024
遊園地に行くと、どんなバッグを持ったほうがいいかな。
来年の四月に、私は彼女と彼女の三人の友達とシンガポールに旅行します。観光する時に、私はいつもスリングバッグを持ちます。ちょうどいいサイズで、全部の要るものが入れられて、便利なトラベルバッグです。でもこの度、彼女の友達がUSSという遊園地に行きたいみたいです。遊園地だったら、もっと大きい鞄を持ったほうがいいかもね。バックパックとか、トートバッグとか。でもさすがに大きいサイズなバッグを持つなら面倒でおしゃれじゃないでしょ。これはめっちゃくだらない話ですが私だって旅行する時におしゃれにしたいです。すみません。今日、何について話すのか、この話しか考えられませんでした。昨日から「どんなバッグがいいかな」とずっと考えてた。
とにかく、「大きいスリング」をググってみました。（ネイティブは本当に「ググる」という言葉を使いますか？」これはなかなかいけるかも：https://www.tomtoc.com/products/navigator-t24-sling-bag-7l-for-14-inch-macbook-pro-khaki
そんなにおしゃれではないけど、コスパがよさそうです。小さいバックパックと同じ大きさで、バックパックよりおしゃれかもしれません。そしてトートバッグほどの面倒ではないですね。トートバッグは置き忘れやすそうで、それを持ったら不安になってしまいます。
くだらない話で迷惑かけて、改めて謝ります。でも読んでくれてありがとうございます。
では、今夜も良い夜を！
Oct. 22, 2024
Pros and Cons at This Stage
-- Please don't question me about the numbers and resources like last time when I wrote something to do with my work. This is just an English writing exercise, not a thesis or a presentation.--
From 2016 to 2023, e-commerce transactions grew at an average annual rate of 10.0% in China. The share of e-commerce in the women's clothing retail market is particularly remarkable. It was said that if you don't know e-commerce, then you don't need to do business in the women's clothing industry
Now things are changing in this industry.
A few well-known brands that used to be good at e-commerce closed recently. The increase for most brands seemed to be becoming difficult.
As I mentioned in the title, there are pros and cons at this stage.
To be continued...
Oct. 22, 2024
地平線の向こう
出船から今日は6か月になった。2ヶ月前にリスタには到着する言われたけど、陸がまだ見つけない。船員は噂話を始めた、「船長が迷った」っていう。船長はその噂を聞いた後に安心させようとした。彼は「海流は逆られっていて、船の進路からどんどん外されていって、ちょっと遅くさせた。海流を避けるのため進路変った。少し長くなるけど、二か月で到着するはずだ。」っていた。皆がちょっと安心したと思うけど、俺は船長の友達として、彼の困っている顔を気づいた。その晩、船長が操舵室に見に行った。「迷っているでしょうか？」って俺はハッキリ聞いた。一言も言わずに自分と俺にウイスキーを注いだ。彼は沈黙でウイスキーを飲んでるながら、わざと目を逸らしていた気がする。商人として、俺は彼と彼の船員に俺と商品を海を運んでもらった。俺たちは一緒に地獄を見たが、この行動が最初見た。正直言うと、怖かった。「俺たちの居場所が全く分からない。」と彼は空になったカップを見ながら言った。「どういうことフランク。何か起こった？」と俺は声に恐怖を出さないように言った。「アレックス、俺の１８年で航海していて、一度も迷るなんてことがなかったが、今度は星と星座が認識出来ない。一匹にも認識出来ない。何かがおかしいぞ、船員にも分かるから、その噂が流れてきた。」と船長が困る顔していて言った。ショックにいて、俺は一言を言わずに考えた。ためらいながら、「今からどうする？」と俺は聞いた。「とりあえず、残っている食品は配給する。そうすれば、１ヶ月分は十分になる。その上に魚を釣るのがすると配給が2ヶ月で伸ばすことができるかもしれない。」とフランクは言った。「食品は終わったらどうするか？」と俺は聞いた。フランクは何も言わなかった。
Oct. 21, 2024
21:54:54 (UTC)
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