April 6, 2020
The listening content completely refutes the reading passage's assertion while discussing whether pterosaurs were capable of powered flight. First, the reading passage argues that the activity of powered flight needs a lot of energy. Warm-blooded animals are able to produce the energy needed to fly, but cold-blooded animals, such as pterosaurs, which had slow metabolism and were unlikely generate much energy. The listening, however, asserts that pterosaurs had dense of hair-like covering, which was similar to fur. Fur is typical of warm-blooded that maintains body temperature. So, pterosaurs were likely supply energy needed for flying.
Second, the reading thinks that pterosaur were too heavy with powered flight. Yet, the speaker from the listening section points out that the pterosaurs were usually light for their size. Hollow, light-weight bones, for example, kept their weight low enough to allow themselves airborne by flapping wings.
Finally, the author says that comparing to birds that take off by jumping their legs, pterosaurs' back legs muscles were too weak to run fast or jump high enough to fly by flapping their wings. In contrast, the lecturer indicates that birds use two legs for jumping to take off from the ground, but pterosaurs used all four legs to push up the ground, so they were no trouble to run fast or jumped into the air.
The listening contentportion completely refutes the reading passage's assertion while discussing whetherthat pterosaurs were incapable of powered flight.
Warm-blooded animals are able to produce the energy needed to fly, but cold-blooded animals, suchlike as pterosaurs, which had would have been, have a slow metabolism and weare unlikely generate mucenough energy.
In this sentence, you use present tense to describe warm blooded animals, and past tense to describe cold blooded animals. Seeing as the cold blooded animals in the present still have these traits, you should use present tense to describe their metabolism.
However, that means when giving the example about pterosaurs, you should show that pterosaurs don't exist anymore using past tense.
The listening, however, assertclaims that pterosaurs had a dense of hair-like covering, which was similar to fur.
"asserts" is a word that strongly suggests a claim does not have enough evidence supporting it to be believable. "Claims" suggests a fact doesn't have enough evidence, but not as strongly. Because you're presenting the listening as reliable, you should use the weaker term. If you believe the listening is very reliable, then you could use the term "reveals" or "tells us"
Fur is typical of warm-blooded thatanimals, and helps maintains body temperature.
So, pterosaurs were likely supplyto have the energy needed for flying.
Second, the reading thinksuggests that pterosaurs were too heavy withto achieve powered flight.
"thinks" isn't exactly wrong, but in a more formal setting I would use "suggests", "claims" or "argues"
"thinks" is also slightly odd, because if the reading is an impersonal piece of writing, then it is weird to say it can think, like a human could.
YeBut, the speaker from the listening section points out that the pterosaurs were usually light for their size.
Hollow, light-weight bones, for example, kept their weight low enough to allow themselves to stay airborne by flapping their wings.
Finally, the authorreading says that comparinged to birds thatwhich take off by jumping using their legs, a pterosaurs's back legs muscles were too weak to run fast enough or jump high enough to fly by flapping their wings.
If you're using the term reading for the entire passage, it is a bit strange if you start referring to the author.
I also think it sounds better to not repeat "flapping wings" so soon after the last time you use it, but grammatically you could also keep that last bit and be correct.
In contrast, the lecturerRefuting this, the listening indicates that while birds use two legs for jumping to take off from the ground, but pterosaurs used all four legs to push up from the ground, so they werehad no trouble to running fast orand jumpeding into the air.
"In contrast" is mostly used to compare two things, but here you're just saying the listening is arguing against the reading. "However" or "But" would also work.
Again, suddenly referring to the lecturer is a bit jarring, and the term should be consistent through the text. Additionally, "lecturer" is a word mostly used only to refer to people who give lectures, like university professors.
Feedback
Pretty difficult subject matter, that was done relatively well. Good job!
Warm-blooded animals are able to produce the energy needed to fly, but cold-blooded animals, such as pterosaurs, which hadhave slow metabolism and weare unlikely to generate much energy.
Since you started the sentence in present tense, you'll have to keep to it. The "which" in the original sentence is rather unnecessary in this sentence.
The listening, however, asserts that pterosaurs had dense of, hair-like covering, which was similar to fur.
Fur is typical of warm-blooded thaanimals, since it maintains body temperature.
The noun is necessary to clarify what it is that is warm-blooded. I merely changed it to "animals" since it seemed the most fitting noun. "Since" explains why the fur is typical.
So, pterosaurs were likely supplying energy needed for flying.
Second, the reading thinks that pterosaurs were too heavy with powered flight.
Hollow, light-weight bones, for example, kept their weight low enough to allow themselves to be airborne by flapping their wings.
Finally, the author says that comparing to birds that take off by jumping with their legs, pterosaurs' back legs muscles were too weak to run fast or jump high enough to fly by flapping their wings.
In contrast, the lecturer indicates that birds use two legs for jumping to take off from the ground, but pterosaurs used all four legs to push upoff the ground, so they werehad no trouble to run fast or jumped into the air.
Feedback
Interesting text! I was a but unsure which context everything was placed in, so I was a bit hesitant with how to correct some sentences. Especially due to the formality of it. However, it is very well-written with a large vocabulary present.
terosaurs |
The listening content completely refutes the reading passage's assertion while discussing whether pterosaurs were capable of powered flight. The listening |
First, the reading passage argues that the activity of powered flight needs a lot of energy. |
Warm-blooded animals are able to produce the energy needed to fly, but cold-blooded animals, such as pterosaurs, which had slow metabolism and were unlikely generate much energy. Warm-blooded animals are able to produce the energy needed to fly, but cold-blooded animals, such as pterosaurs, Since you started the sentence in present tense, you'll have to keep to it. The "which" in the original sentence is rather unnecessary in this sentence. Warm-blooded animals are able to produce the energy needed to fly, but cold-blooded animals, In this sentence, you use present tense to describe warm blooded animals, and past tense to describe cold blooded animals. Seeing as the cold blooded animals in the present still have these traits, you should use present tense to describe their metabolism. However, that means when giving the example about pterosaurs, you should show that pterosaurs don't exist anymore using past tense. |
The listening, however, asserts that pterosaurs had dense of hair-like covering, which was similar to fur. The listening, however, asserts that pterosaurs had dense The listening, however, "asserts" is a word that strongly suggests a claim does not have enough evidence supporting it to be believable. "Claims" suggests a fact doesn't have enough evidence, but not as strongly. Because you're presenting the listening as reliable, you should use the weaker term. If you believe the listening is very reliable, then you could use the term "reveals" or "tells us" |
Fur is typical of warm-blooded that maintains body temperature. Fur is typical of warm-blooded The noun is necessary to clarify what it is that is warm-blooded. I merely changed it to "animals" since it seemed the most fitting noun. "Since" explains why the fur is typical. Fur is typical of warm-blooded |
So, pterosaurs were likely supply energy needed for flying. So, pterosaurs were likely supplying energy needed for flying. So, pterosaurs were likely |
Second, the reading thinks that pterosaur were too heavy with powered flight. Second, the reading thinks that pterosaurs were too heavy with powered flight. Second, the reading "thinks" isn't exactly wrong, but in a more formal setting I would use "suggests", "claims" or "argues" "thinks" is also slightly odd, because if the reading is an impersonal piece of writing, then it is weird to say it can think, like a human could. |
Yet, the speaker from the listening section points out that the pterosaurs were usually light for their size.
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Hollow, light-weight bones, for example, kept their weight low enough to allow themselves airborne by flapping wings. Hollow, light-weight bones, for example, kept their weight low enough to allow themselves to be airborne by flapping their wings. Hollow, light-weight bones, for example, kept their weight low enough to allow themselves to stay airborne by flapping their wings. |
Finally, the author says that comparing to birds that take off by jumping their legs, pterosaurs' back legs muscles were too weak to run fast or jump high enough to fly by flapping their wings. Finally, the author says that comparing to birds that take off by jumping with their legs, pterosaurs' back leg Finally, the If you're using the term reading for the entire passage, it is a bit strange if you start referring to the author. I also think it sounds better to not repeat "flapping wings" so soon after the last time you use it, but grammatically you could also keep that last bit and be correct. |
In contrast, the lecturer indicates that birds use two legs for jumping to take off from the ground, but pterosaurs used all four legs to push up the ground, so they were no trouble to run fast or jumped into the air. In contrast, the lecturer indicates that birds use two legs for jumping to take off from the ground, but pterosaurs used all four legs to push
"In contrast" is mostly used to compare two things, but here you're just saying the listening is arguing against the reading. "However" or "But" would also work. Again, suddenly referring to the lecturer is a bit jarring, and the term should be consistent through the text. Additionally, "lecturer" is a word mostly used only to refer to people who give lectures, like university professors. |
Pterosaurs (Integrated) |
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