Dec. 13, 2022
PAST MODALS + CHARTS
■I. PAST MODALS - could you please tell me if all this below is correct and if there is a possible option that I missed.
For each situation, write a sentence using past modals of speculation and the following phrases:
not bring enough food, check into the hotel, fall asleep, not study hard enough, be up late
1. Your friend looks tired. I think he went to a party yesterday.
He .may/might/could have been up late...................
2. You studied really hard for a test, but you failed.
I .....can't/couldn't have studied hard enough. (Is I must not have studied hard enough also possible?)...............
3. You have just walked past your gran's house. Her lights were on. Now she's not answering the phone.
She ........must have fallen asleep (Is it also possible to use may, might, could have fallen asleep? ).............
4. You are going camping with a friend, but you haven't discussed what you are each going to pack.
We ......may/might/ could not have brought enough food..............
5. Your dad took a train to London for a work conference. The train is due in London at 5 p.m. It's six o'clock. You think he might be at his hotel by
now.
He .......will /may/ might /could have checked into the hotel by now.............
■II. CHARTS - could you please tell me if the description below is correct (or what should be rather changed? I have attached the photo of the chart)
The graph represents the number of houses built in Derby and Nottingham within a nine-year period between the years 2000 and 2009.
Initially Nottingham was in the lead in respect of the number of built houses compared to Derby. Then there was a reversal in 2002 when Derby outpaced Nottingham. In 2003 the amount of new houses in Derby mounted again and it levelled off for the successive four years until 2007.
However in this year we can see another flip-flop as Nottingham surpassed Derby in its achievements by erecting around 200 new houses. After that the chart contestors switched places once again. The amount of buildings created by Derby skyrocketed to 280 in 2008 which resulted in Derby taking an overwhelming advantage over its rival. In 2009 the amount of houses developed by Derby shot up to about 350 leaving Nottingham far behind.
■ Could you please tell me the difference between crash, nosedive, plunge, and tumble?
For crash, I think the fall is the most dramatic when comparing all these options. Nosedive must be sudden, really fast and straight.
Plunge is straight and rapid, and tumble is impressive but it should be at an angle , so not as fast as in the case of the other options (this fall resrmbles a rock falling down a mountain and msking a rotating movement).
He .may/might/could have been up late...................
All three are OK.
2. You studied really hard for a test, but you failed.
I .....can't/couldn't have studied hard enough.
“Must not” sounds most natural to me, and “can’t” sounds less natural but still OK, but “couldn’t” doesn’t sound natural to me in this context.
(Is I must not have studied hard enough also possible? )...............
Yes, it is good.
She ........must have fallen asleep (Is it also possible to use may, might, could have fallen asleep? ).............
Yes, must, may, might & could are all possible here.
We ......may/might/ could not have brought enough food..............
All three are possible. “May” & “might” would both mean “it’s possible that we didn’t bring enough food.” “Could” would mean “there was no possible way that the amount of food we brought would have been sufficient” (because we’re both gluttons, for example).
He .......will /may/ might /could have checked into the hotel by now.............
All four are possible, although I don’t think “will” is a modal.
Feedback
I disagree with Mari’s comments about “may” only being used for permission and “could” for ability. May, might & could are all used for possibility, too. See this entry:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/grammar/british-grammar/could-may-and-might
See these definitions, too:
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/may_1
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/could
PAST MODALS + CHARTS
■I.
PAST MODALS - cWould you please tell me if all this below is correct and if there is awhether the composition I've written below is correct and whether there are other possible options that I have missed.?
"could" → does someone have the ability
"would" → does someone have the availabilty
For each situation, write a sentence using past modals of speculation andwith the following phrases:
not bring enough food, check into the hotel, fall asleep, not study hard enough, be up late
1. Your friend looks tired.
I think he went to a party yesterday.
He .may/might/couldmight have been up late...................
"may" → asks for permission
"could" → does someone have the ability
2. You studied really hard for athe test, but you failed.
I .....can't/couldn't have studied hard enough.
This is speculation so it's subjunctive case.
(Is "I must not have studied hard enough " also possible? )...............
Yes, I think so but I think they want you to use some form of "could."
3. You have just walked past your gran's house.
Her lights were on.
Now she's not answering the phone.
She ........must have fallen asleep (Is it also possible to use may, might, could have fallen asleep? ).............
Yes, as in, "She might have fallen asleep." I think this is how you're supposed to answer.
Remember:
"may" → asks for permission
"could" → does someone have the ability
4. You are going camping with a friend, but you haven't discussed what you are each going to pack.
We ......may/might/ couldmight not have brought enough food..............
"might" → possibility
5. Your dad took a train to London for a work conference.
The train is due in London at 5 p.m. It's six o'clock.
You think he might be at his hotel by now.
now.
He .......will /may/ might /couldmight have checked into the hotel by now.............
They give the answer, "might," in the prompt, too.
■II.
CHARTS - cWould you please tell me if the description below is correct (or what should be rather changed? I have attached thea photo of the chart.)
The graph represents the number of houses built in Derby and Nottingham within a nine-year period between the years 2000 and 2009.
Initially Nottingham was in the lead in respect tof the number of built houses built compared to Derby.
Then there was a reversal in 2002 when Derby outpaced Nottingham.
In 2003 the amount of new houses in Derby mounted again and it levelled off for thefour successive four years until 2007.
However iIn this year, however, we can see another flip-flop as Nottingham surpassed Derby in its achievements by erectingbuilding of around 200 new houses.
We avoid starting sentences with "however."
After that the chart contestorities switched places once again.
The amount number of buildings created byin Derby skyrocketed to 280 in 2008 which resulted in Derby taking an overwhelming leadvantage over its rival.
In 2009 the amount of houses developed byin Derby shot up to about 350 leaving Nottingham far behind.
■ CWould you please tell me the difference between crash, nosedive, plunge, and tumble?
These all connote a decrease. In increasing order of magnitude, it's the following:
- tumble (small decrease)
- plunge
- nosedive
- crash (very large decrease)
For crash, I think the fall is the most dramatic when compariamong all these options.
I agree.
Nosedive must be sudden, really fast and straight.
Yes, I agree but it doesn't hit bottom like crash.
Plunge is straight and rapid, and tumble is impressive but it should be at an angle , so not as fast as in the case of the other options (t. This fall resrembles a rock falling down a mountain and msking a rotating movement)rotating as it goes.
Yes, the visual is correct.
Feedback
Terrific work!
Dec. 15, 2022
Thank you so much for your help and a nice comment.
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PAST MODALS + CHARTS This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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■I. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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PAST MODALS - could you please tell me if all this below is correct and if there is a possible option that I missed. PAST MODALS - "could" → does someone have the ability "would" → does someone have the availabilty |
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For each situation, write a sentence using past modals of speculation and the following phrases: For each situation, write a sentence using past modals of speculation |
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not bring enough food, check into the hotel, fall asleep, not study hard enough, be up late This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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1. Your friend looks tired. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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I think he went to a party yesterday. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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He .may/might/could have been up late................... He "may" → asks for permission "could" → does someone have the ability He .may/might/could have been up late................... All three are OK. |
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2. You studied really hard for a test, but you failed. 2. You studied really hard for This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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I .....can't/couldn't have studied hard enough. I This is speculation so it's subjunctive case. I .....can't “Must not” sounds most natural to me, and “can’t” sounds less natural but still OK, but “couldn’t” doesn’t sound natural to me in this context. |
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(Is I must not have studied hard enough also possible? )............... (Is "I must not have studied hard enough Yes, I think so but I think they want you to use some form of "could." (Is I must not have studied hard enough also possible? )............... Yes, it is good. |
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3. You have just walked past your gran's house. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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Her lights were on. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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Now she's not answering the phone. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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She ........must have fallen asleep (Is it also possible to use may, might, could have fallen asleep? )............. She Yes, as in, "She might have fallen asleep." I think this is how you're supposed to answer. Remember: "may" → asks for permission "could" → does someone have the ability She ........must have fallen asleep (Is it also possible to use may, might, could have fallen asleep? )............. Yes, must, may, might & could are all possible here. |
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4. You are going camping with a friend, but you haven't discussed what you are each going to pack. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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We ......may/might/ could not have brought enough food.............. We "might" → possibility We ......may/might/ could not have brought enough food.............. All three are possible. “May” & “might” would both mean “it’s possible that we didn’t bring enough food.” “Could” would mean “there was no possible way that the amount of food we brought would have been sufficient” (because we’re both gluttons, for example). |
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5. Your dad took a train to London for a work conference. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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The train is due in London at 5 p.m. It's six o'clock. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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You think he might be at his hotel by You think he might be at his hotel by now. |
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now.
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He .......will /may/ might /could have checked into the hotel by now............. He They give the answer, "might," in the prompt, too. He .......will /may/ might /could have checked into the hotel by now............. All four are possible, although I don’t think “will” is a modal. |
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■II. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
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CHARTS - could you please tell me if the description below is correct (or what should be rather changed? I have attached the photo of the chart) CHARTS - |
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The graph represents the number of houses built in Derby and Nottingham within a nine-year period between the years 2000 and 2009. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
|
Initially Nottingham was in the lead in respect of the number of built houses compared to Derby. Initially Nottingham was in the lead in respect to |
|
Then there was a reversal in 2002 when Derby outpaced Nottingham. This sentence has been marked as perfect! |
|
In 2003 the amount of new houses in Derby mounted again and it levelled off for the successive four years until 2007. In 2003 the amount of new houses in Derby mounted again and |
|
However in this year we can see another flip-flop as Nottingham surpassed Derby in its achievements by erecting around 200 new houses.
We avoid starting sentences with "however." |
|
After that the chart contestors switched places once again. After that the c |
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The amount of buildings created by Derby skyrocketed to 280 in 2008 which resulted in Derby taking an overwhelming advantage over its rival. The |
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In 2009 the amount of houses developed by Derby shot up to about 350 leaving Nottingham far behind. In 2009 the amount of houses developed |
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■ Could you please tell me the difference between crash, nosedive, plunge, and tumble? ■ These all connote a decrease. In increasing order of magnitude, it's the following: - tumble (small decrease) - plunge - nosedive - crash (very large decrease) |
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For crash, I think the fall is the most dramatic when comparing all these options. For crash, I think the fall is the most dramatic I agree. |
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Nosedive must be sudden, really fast and straight. Nosedive must be sudden, really fast and straight. Yes, I agree but it doesn't hit bottom like crash. |
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Plunge is straight and rapid, and tumble is impressive but it should be at an angle , so not as fast as in the case of the other options (this fall resrmbles a rock falling down a mountain and msking a rotating movement). Plunge is straight and rapid, and tumble is impressive but it should be at an angle Yes, the visual is correct. |
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