Methods of reducing use of cars in town

REPORT (1)
Madrid, as it can be stated in whatever big city or capital, has always suffered from endless traffic jams, specially in the city centre. This issue, in spite of having often being a promise by political parties, still remains unsolved.
In this regards, there are two posible solutions, which has been proved to be effective in some european countries, against this problem. These involve parking restrictions and public transport.
The first measure should not be considered in a strict sense, since there are several ways to put this idea into the practice, allowing to drivers and pedestrians coexist properly. For example, parking bans could be imposed according to the plate number, as well as, certain car charasteristics, such as the emissions index. This rule, based on scientific researchs, has lead to a better air quality in a short term, what has resulted in a noticeable reduction in pollution levels along with less respiratory problems between the citizens of traffic congestioned areas. Moreover, those who attempt to park illegally would contribute to the state through fine payment.
Concerning the second item, a cheaper or costless (in specific social circumstances) bus or train ticket might encourage people to keen on using the public transport more often. Nonetheless, their effects in the traffic flow would be nowhere near as remarkable as in the case of park restrictions, since monthly or yearly tickets, specially for commuters, are already cheap enough.
To sum up, I would consider to apply parking bans, as the benefit from it far exceeds those associated with promoting the use of public transport.

You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an
appropriate style on the separate answer sheet.

Exercise)
Your class has attended a lecture on what governments could do to minimise the
use of cars in the city centre. You have made the notes below.

Methods of reducing use of cars in town:

« restrict parking
« cheaper public transport
» congestion charges

Some opinions expressed in the
seminar:

"People would park itfegally.’

“Travelling by public transport is slow
and not suitable for everyone.’

‘It would be expensive to administer
congestion charges.’

Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the methods in your notes. You
should explain which method you think is better for the focal government to
consider, and provide reasons to support your opinion.

You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but
you should use your own words as far as possible.