I went to the school for the first time after the break. I went to school for the first time after the break.

For most places that represent an activity or a social institution, you don't need "the" unless you intend to refer to the actual building or location. e.g. "she went to prison" represents the institution and the act of being imprisoned, versus "she went to the prison" means travelling to the building (maybe for work, or a visit).

I went to the school for the first time after the break. I went to school for the first time after the break.

Some people in my class, were absent and, maybe they awere on the trip. Some people in my class were absent, maybe they were on the trip.

Some people in my class, were absent and maybe they are on thea trip. Some people in my class were absent and maybe they are on a trip.

I saw a person and her mother, who go to the same Japanese school, when I got out of the entrance, and we walked together. I saw a person and her mother, who go to the same Japanese school, when I got out of the entrance, and we walked together.

The comma separates the "aside" information about the people you saw.

I saw a person and her mother, who goes to the same Japanese school and her mother when I got out of the entrance, and we walked together. I saw a person who goes to the same Japanese school and her mother when I got out of the entrance, and we walked together.

"person and her mother" implies the mother also attends the school as a student, which since it sounds like a secondary school of some sort, would be odd.

Recently, the spacecraft, coalled Artemis II, went to the moon and back to the Earth. Recently the spacecraft, called Artemis II, went to the moon and back to Earth.

Recently, the spacecraft, coalled Artemis II, went to the moon and back to the Earth. Recently, the spacecraft called Artemis II, went to the moon and back to the Earth.

"the spacecraft, called Artemis II" implies you've already mentioned the spacecraft, and are now naming it, but since you're introducing it for the first time, you shouldn't use a comma here.

And hHe said it is really special that we can watch the astronauts that are going to the moon in our lifetime. He said it is really special that we can watch the astronauts that are going to the moon in our lifetime.

And he said it is really special that we can watch the astronauts are going to the moon in our lifetime. And he said it is really special that we can watch astronauts going to the moon in our lifetime.

I knew that they broke the record of Apollo 13 in 1970 on the TV. I knew that they broke the record of Apollo 13 in 1970.

Not quite sure what you meant by on the TV, so removed it.

And also, Japanese astronauts are going to walk on the moon in 2028 or lafter 2028. Also, Japanese astronauts are going to walk on the moon in 2028 or later.

And also, Japanese astronauts are going to walk on the moon during or after 2028. And also, Japanese astronauts are going to walk on the moon during or after 2028.